Scientists propose an innovative solution to safeguard Earth's biodiversity by creating a 'lunar biorepository' on the Moon. This facility would store cryopreserved samples of Earth's most endangered species in the Moon's naturally cold, permanently shadowed regions, which maintain ultra-low temperatures ideal for long-term preservation. Inspired by the Svalbard Global Seed Vault, the lunar vault aims to protect against climate change, natural disasters, and human conflicts that threaten Earth-bound repositories. Led by Dr. Mary Hagedorn of the Smithsonian's National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute, the plan involves international collaboration and leveraging existing ecological sampling initiatives. While the project presents significant challenges, including space transport and radiation protection, it offers a promising backup for Earth's biodiversity, potentially aiding in the future restoration of extinct species.