Israeli air strikes on schools in Gaza have led to significant civilian casualties amid ongoing military operations targeting Hamas. An attack on the Mustafa Hafiz school resulted in the deaths of at least 12 people, while an earlier strike on the Safad school killed at least 11, including women and children. The Israeli military claims these schools housed Hamas command centers, justifying the strikes as targeting militant operations. Since the conflict escalated on October 7, Israeli air, sea, and ground assaults have reportedly killed over 40,738 Palestinians, mostly civilians, according to Gaza health officials. The humanitarian crisis in Gaza is worsening, with schools being repurposed as shelters for the displaced, and international calls for a ceasefire are growing. The attacks have drawn condemnation due to their impact on civilian infrastructure and the high number of casualties among vulnerable populations.