The World Health Organization (WHO) has declared mpox, formerly known as monkeypox, a global public health emergency following a significant outbreak in the Democratic Republic of Congo that has spread to neighboring countries and beyond. The European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) has raised its risk level for mpox, anticipating more imported cases in Europe, though sustained transmission risk remains low. Health authorities in several countries, including Kenya, Pakistan, India, and Australia, are on high alert, with measures such as increased screening and public awareness campaigns being implemented. The virus, which presents symptoms similar to smallpox, including fever, rash, and swollen lymph nodes, can be fatal, especially the more virulent clade I strain. Despite the urgent need, African nations have reported a severe shortage of vaccines and medical supplies to combat the spread. Public health experts emphasize that swift global action, enhanced surveillance, and vaccination are crucial to prevent further international spread.