Unique Reproductive Behavior in Charles Darwin's Frog

Researchers have discovered a unique reproductive behavior in the Andamanese Charles Darwin's frog (Minervarya charlesdarwini), endemic to the Andaman Islands. This frog species exhibits an extraordinary upside-down spawning posture, laying terrestrial eggs on the inner walls of water-filled tree cavities or root buttresses, completely out of the water. The study, published in the journal Breviora, was led by Professor S. D. Biju of the University of Delhi in collaboration with international biologists. Males also produce complex calls and engage in physical combat to secure mates. This behavior highlights the species' specialized adaptation and raises concerns about their conservation as they are increasingly found breeding in unnatural sites due to habitat loss. The findings underscore the importance of understanding and preserving amphibian diversity in biodiversity hotspots.