Recent analyses from the Lancet Commission have challenged the widespread belief that hormone replacement therapy (HRT) can protect women's brains and reduce dementia risk during menopause. Evidence suggests that long-term use of HRT, particularly a combination of estrogen and progesterone, may actually increase the risk of Alzheimer's, with significant negative effects on cognitive function noted in various studies. Dr. Sue Mann, the NHS's national clinical director for women's health, emphasized that HRT is not a universal solution and should not be prescribed indiscriminately; she advocates for a more individualized approach to menopause management. While HRT can alleviate some physical symptoms such as hot flashes, it is essential to consider other treatment options, including psychological support. The perception that all menopausal women should be on HRT has been exacerbated by celebrity endorsements and awareness campaigns. Overall, there is a call for a balanced view of HRT, recognizing both its potential benefits and risks.