Hydraulic Lift Theory for Pyramid Construction

Recent research has proposed that the ancient Egyptians may have used a hydraulic lift system to construct the Step Pyramid of Djoser, the oldest of Egypt's pyramids, built around 2680 BCE. This theory suggests that water from nearby canals was channeled into shafts within the pyramid, enabling a float to raise and lower heavy stones. Researchers argue this method, potentially supported by a water treatment facility and a check dam known as the Gisr el-Mudir enclosure, represents a sophisticated use of hydraulic technology. This new perspective challenges the previously accepted theories that relied solely on ramps and levers. The study, published in PLOS ONE, opens a new line of inquiry into the use of water power in ancient monumental construction.