A group of scientists is proposing the establishment of a lunar 'Doomsday Vault' to preserve endangered species' genetic material and plant seeds, aiming to safeguard Earth's biodiversity against climate change and habitat loss. The Moon's polar regions, with their frigid temperatures and permanent shadow, provide an ideal environment for long-term cryopreservation of biological samples without requiring energy sources. This initiative, inspired by the Svalbard Global Seed Vault, seeks to mitigate risks faced by Earth-based repositories, such as natural disasters and climate change. Researchers from institutions like the Smithsonian and Harvard are already developing protocols for transporting and freezing samples, starting with the starry goby fish. However, challenges such as radiation exposure and the preservation of frozen samples during transport must be addressed through preliminary studies aboard the International Space Station. Ultimately, the lunar facility could serve as a critical backup for species that face extinction on Earth due to various threats.